Optimization of Hydrated Lime and Soda Ash Dosage for Hardness Removal in Per Aru Reservoir Water, Vavuniya: Effects of Sequential Dosing and carbonation

1. Introduction 2. Background and Literature Review 2.1 Hardness in Water Sources 2.2 Chemical Methods for Hardness Removal 2.3 Previous Studies on Hydrated Lime and Soda Ash 3. Study Area 3.1 Description of Per Aru Reservoir 3.2 Water Characteristics and Quality 3.3 Environmental and Climatic Conditions 4. Methodology 4.1 Experimental Design and Setup 4.2 Sequential Dosing Protocols 4.3 Carbonation Process Implementation 4.4 Data Collection and Analysis 5. Results 5.1 Optimal Dosage Determination 5.2 Effects of Sequential Dosing 5.3 Impact of Carbonation on Hardness 6. Discussion 6.1 Interpretation of Findings 6.2 Comparison with Previous Studies 6.3 Implications for Water Treatment Practices 7. Limitations and Challenges 7.1 Methodological Constraints 7.2 Environmental and Operational Challenges 7.3 Recommendations for Future Research 8. Conclusion and Recommendations 8.1 Summary of Key Findings 8.2 Practical Recommendations 8.3 Suggestions for Policy and Practice