ABSTRACT Background & Objective: To reduce problems, prevent mistakes, and limit negative impacts related to healthcare, patient safety is of utmost importance. Cardiac catheterization is a routine operation that can be used to identify heart issues,

1. Introduction 2. Literature Review 2.1. Overview of Patient Safety 2.2. Cardiac Catheterization Process 2.3. Common Risks and Complications 3. Methodology 3.1. Research Design 3.2. Data Collection Methods 3.3. Analysis Techniques 4. Importance of Patient Safety 4.1. Definition and Standards 4.2. Impact on Healthcare Quality 4.3. Patient Safety Protocols 5. Cardiac Catheterization Overview 5.1. Procedure Description 5.2. Indications for Use 5.3. Technological Advancements 6. Potential Errors in Procedure 6.1. Instrumental Errors 6.2. Human Factors Influences 6.3. Safety Measures Implementation 7. Minimizing Negative Impacts 7.1. Error Prevention Strategies 7.2. Staff Training Programs 7.3. Monitoring and Evaluation 8. Case Studies and Analysis 8.1. Historical Case Review 8.2. Success Stories 8.3. Lessons Learned 9. Conclusion and Recommendations 9.1. Summary of Findings 9.2. Implications for Future Research 9.3. Recommendations for Practice